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Rules for Taking Diabetes Medication that Needs to Be Understood

Diabetes is a chronic disease that can generally be treated by living a healthy lifestyle and taking diabetes medications. However, there are some rules for taking diabetes medications that need to be obeyed, so that the drug can function optimally. Diabetes medications prescribed by doctors are not to cure diabetes, but rather to maintain blood sugar levels to be stable and remain within normal limits. The purpose of taking diabetes medications is to prevent blood sugar from rising too high, because high blood sugar in the long run can cause dangerous complications of diabetes.

Understanding the Rules for Taking Diabetes Medication

Diabetes medications given by doctors vary depending on the type of diabetes experienced by the patient. There are diabetes medications that need to be taken before meals, together with meals, or after meals. The following rules for taking diabetes medications that are tailored to the types of diabetes:

Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is a condition in which the pancreas cannot produce insulin, resulting in an increase in blood sugar levels. Therefore, the right treatment in dealing with this type of diabetes is injecting insulin every day, to control blood sugar levels to stay normal. Your doctor will determine the right dose of insulin, and teach you how to do insulin injections. However, injecting insulin has the potential to cause several side effects, such as headaches, weakness, itching, decreased potassium, and in some cases, an allergy to insulin. If you experience these side effects after insulin injection, immediately go to the doctor.

Type 2 diabetes

In contrast to people with type 1 diabetes, only some patients with type 2 diabetes need insulin to control their blood sugar. Patients with type 2 diabetes will generally be given antidiabetic drugs, such as:

  • Metformin

    • This drug serves to reduce glucose production in the liver. The dosage of using metformin varies for each patient and is adjusted according to the severity of diabetes. This medicine is taken together or after meals.

  • Sulfonylureas

    • This diabetes drug works by increasing insulin production in the pancreas. Examples of these drugs are glibenclamide, gliclazide, and glimepiride. This type of diabetes medication is consumed before eating.

  • DPP-4 inhibitors

    • This drug serves to inhibit the absorption of glucose back in the kidneys, and increase the hormone insulin. Examples of drugs are sitagliptin, vildagliptin, and linagliptin. This medicine is taken according to the doctor's recommended schedule (not dependent on the eating schedule).

  • Tiazolidindion

    • This diabetes drug serves to increase the sensitivity of the body's cells in using insulin, so glucose can be used more effectively. This type of medicine is pioglitazone. Same with DPP-4 inhibiting type of diabetes drug, the consumption of this drug does not depend on the eating schedule and following the doctor's schedule.

  • Acarbose

    • This diabetes drug is given to inhibit the absorption of glucose from the digestive tract. This medicine is taken in conjunction with the first mouthful while eating.

  • Combined diabetes medication

    • This type of drug consists of a mixture of two classes of diabetes drugs. There is a combination of diabetes medications that are consumed before eating, but some are consumed after eating.
When using these drugs, consider whether there are side effects in the form of hypoglycemia (characterized by weakness, dizziness, and headaches), abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, stools becoming softer, bloating, and dehydration. If these side effects arise, immediately consult a doctor.

Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes is diabetes that only appears during pregnancy and needs to be treated immediately because it can harm the mother and baby. Gestational diabetes treatment can be done with insulin injections or taking drugs, such as metformin, as directed by your doctor. In addition to taking diabetes medications, diabetics also need to adopt a healthy diet, including the type and portion of food, and meal times. Diabetics are also encouraged to do regular exercise and maintain an ideal body weight to maintain blood sugar levels in order to remain normal. It is important to always pay attention to the rules of taking diabetes medications given by doctors. If complications or side effects occur after taking diabetes medications, you should immediately consult a doctor to get further treatment.

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